English class blog

Argumentation

I. Présentation des arguments

* First / Firstly / First and foremost / First of all / In the first place / 
to begin with
* Second / Secondly / In the second place
* Third / Thirdly / In the third place
* Then / Next 
* On the one hand.... On the second hand 
* Last / Lastly / Finally / Eventually / In the end / Last but not least

 
 2. Transition
 
* To turn to + N / Now [Or] / 
* As for [quant à] / As far as + N + BE concerned [en ce qui concerne] / 
As regards + N [en ce qui concerne] / As concerns + N [en ce qui concerne] / 
Concerning + N [en ce qui concerne] / Regarding + N [en ce qui concerne]
 
 3. Résumé
 
* To sum up / To cut a long story short / To put in a nutshell
* In a nutshell / All in all
* In a word / In short / In brief
 
 4. Conclusion
 
* All things considered [Tout bien considéré]
* For all these reasons
* By the way of closing remarks
* To conclude / In conclusion / As a conclusion / By way of conclusion
 
II. Modulation des arguments
 
* Up to a certain point / To some degree / 
To some extent / To a certain extent / To a large extent
* In other words / To put it differently / 
It amounts to saying [cela revient à dire] / It is tantamount to saying 
Or rather / Or better / Or even 
* We must take into account [il faut prendre en compte] 
/ One shouldn't forget that... / It must be borne in mind that 
* We could also say / It would be more accurate to say /
/ It is not going too far to say / It is not an exaggeration to say
* We must weigh the pros and cons [il faut peser le pour et le contre] 
* By no means +AUX+S / On no account +AUX+V [en aucun cas]
 
* Useful adverbs > rather, fairly, quite, almost, very, extremely, 
somewhat, obvuoisly, presumably, preferably, surprisingly, actually)
 
III. Alimentation des arguments 
 
1. Addition
 
* Besides [Par ailleurs] / Moreover [en outre] / What is more [de plus, qui plus est] 
Furthermore [en outre, de surcroît] / In addition / In addition to + N / Let's add that
* Similarly / Likewise [de même] / Also 
* All the more as/since [d'autant plus que] / Even more (so) because/ Especially since
 
2. Opposition
 
* However [cependant] / Yet [pourtant] / Nevertheless/ Nonethelesss [néanmoins] 
Still [cela étant] / All the same [cela dit] / On the other hand
* Despite [malgré] / in spite of [en dépit de]
* Although [bien que] / though / even though 
* Conversely [à l'inverse]
 
3. Comparaison
 
* By comparison[Par ailleurs] /
 

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